Painting and Decorating Concourse
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One of the downsides of shellac is that it is somewhat brittle. Do not use shellac on flexible surfaces or on exterior surfaces where temperature changes will cause substrate movement. The only exception to the exterior use of shellac would be for spotting bleeding knots, where clear shellac applied thinly over
Universal Primers - part 2
bleeding knots is still commonly done today. I like to re-spot over the clear knot sealing shellac with a pigmented oil stain kill primer like Coverstain before painting because latex finish paints will not adhere well to clear shellac and it gives me a second stain seal spot coat over the knot also
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Latex universal primers. The two latex primers that I have the most experience with are Zinsser's 123 Bullseye and Xim's UMA (urethane modified acrylic) primers. I prefer Bullseye for exterior priming and UMA for interior. Bullseye is a flexible satin sheen acrylic which looks and feels like most exterior house paints. It is a bit "rubbery" which is good and flexible for exterior substrate flexing - but it consequently does not sand well (important for interior priming -especially of wood trim) so I don't use it much on interiors. Adhesion is very strong to most surfaces (see Zinsser's label for details), but like most latex stain kills it is "average" when compared to solvent stain sealers for sealing stains. Most solvent stain sealers lock stains in better than latex because of the porosity of latex primers and paints ( which porosity on the other hand is what makes latex paints "breathable" allowing moisture to pass out through them - thus making latex less likely to peel on exteriors).
Xim's UMA is a flat easy sanding primer with excellent adhesion. UMA unlike most latex paints, has pretty good flow and leveling (the newer "waterborne" paints have this characteristic - see Sherwin Williams ProClassic line for example) which makes it nice for enamel undercoating. Applied with a brush or by spray you will get a nice smooth easy sanding undercoat for your enamel top coat. XIM does not advertise UMA as a stain blocking primer (and I really don't use it for that purpose, on the interior shellac primer works well for stain kill) and it will most likely cost more than most other universal primers at your paint store of choice, but for a latex (or waterborne) primer, it is my favorite interior universal primer.
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