Painting and Decorating Concourse
There are two basic types of interior wood stains: wiping stains and penetrating stains.
The wiping stain is a highly pigmented stain which allows the wood finisher the ability to control the amount of stain color better than with a penetrating stain. The wiping stain usually uses weaker solvents. The down side of the wiping stain is that they lay on the surface of the wood and the built up stain will show brush marks or rag marks rather easily if you are not careful. Wiping stains can be use to re-tone clean and dulled previously stained woodwork.
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Penetrating stains are often combinations of dyes and pigment.
Penetrating stains have much better clarity than wiping stains. These stains penetrate into the wood so that there is much less a problem with brush marks. Because they soak right into the wood they are not as controllable as wiping stains and can be more blotchy than wiping stains.
My favorite penetrating stain is the Minwax Wood Finish line of stains. These come in a variety of pre-mixed colors which can be intermixed to produce almost any color you'll need for your finishing.
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