Q: How do I fill nail holes before painting?
Answer: I use Sherwin Williams Shrink Free Spackle to fill nail holes prior to enameling with a waterbased enamel. I use an oil based putty to fill nail holes before enameling with oil based enamel. Fill holes level with your finger or putty knife. Prime after filling to seal the filler, waterbased primer (or shellac primer) over spackle, oil based primer over putty.
Q: What is the best primer for new wood trim?
Answer: I use primarily two different primers for new wood trim: UMA (urethane modified acrylic) waterbased primer made by XIM and BIN shellac primer made by Zinsser. Both primers spray and brush well. Leveling is excellent for either. UMA sands very easily and levels out well if brush applied. BIN also levels out well and is an excellent sealer which provides for a good even enamel sheen. I use Shrink Free Spackle to fill the nail holes prior to using BIN. Allow the spackle to dry completely before priming with BIN.
Q: How do I prevent lap marks?
Answer: To prevent lap marks you need to keep a "wet edge". Once the paint sets up, if you overlap that section of paint by roller over it (such as when joining sections of paint) you double the thickness of the paint where you overlap. This extra thickness causes the paint to be have a higher sheen and a different appearance that the other areas which are not as thick.
How to keep a wet edge.
1. Use a primer underneath to prevent the finish paint from soaking in. When paint soaks into the a substrate it leaves only a thin film on the surface. This thin film will dry faster than a normal film.
2. Use a slower drying paint. There are additives such as "Floetrol" made by Flood Co. that will slow down the drying of a latex paint giving you longer working time before the paint starts to set up. Also, you could use a oil or alkyd paint. Alkyd paints are much slower drying than latex paints and permit longer working times before lapping will occur.
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Q: What type of paint should I use on ceilings?
Answer: Use a dead flat paint on ceilings. Wall flats have a low angle sheen because they have more resin in the paint to aid in washability. Absolute flat paints are uniform in appearance. They hide lap marks, do not show roller directional pattern or other application imperfections. In bathrooms because of the high humidity I would use Zinsser's Perm White (Satin sheen) which is mold and mildew resistant. In Kitchens where you may need to actually wipe down or wash the ceiling to clean off splashes I would use a satin sheen latex paint for better washability.
